Ra Kaplan and Edward Sharman for their careful critique with the manuscript. ABBREVIATIONS ABPP, activity-based protein profiling; ACATi, acyl CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor; nCEH, neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase; ABCA1, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1; ABCG1, ATP-binding cassette transporter G1; ApoA1, apolipoprotein A1; CES1, carboxylesterase 1; CE, cholesteryl ester; CPO, chlorpyrifos oxon; FC, free cholesterol; HDL, highdensity lipoprotein; LAL, lysosomal acid lipase; 4-MUBA, 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate; 4-MUBO, 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate; PO, paraoxon; VLDL, extremely low-density lipoproteinArticle(1) Casida, J. E., and Quistad, G. B. (2004) Organophosphate toxicology: safety elements of nonacetylcholinesterase secondary targets. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 17, 983-998. (two) Crow, J. A., Borazjani, A., Potter, P. M., and Ross, M. K. (2007) Hydrolysis of pyrethroids by human and rat tissues: examination of intestinal, liver and serum carboxylesterases. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 221, 1-12. (3) Redinbo, M. R., Bencharit, S., and Potter, P. M. (2003) Human carboxylesterase 1: from drug metabolism to drug discovery. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31, 620-624. (4) Ross, M. K., Borazjani, A., Wang, R., Crow, J. A., and Xie, S. (2012) Examination in the carboxylesterase phenotype in human liver. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 522, 44-56. (5) Wadkins, R. M., Hyatt, J. L., Wei, X., Yoon, K. J., Wierdl, M., Edwards, C. C., Morton, C. L., Obenauer, J. C., Damodaran, K., Beroza, P., Danks, M. K., and Potter, P. M. (2005) Identification and characterization of novel benzil (diphenylethane-1,2-dione) analogues as inhibitors of mammalian carboxylesterases. J. Med. Chem. 48, 2906- 2915. (6) Ghosh, S., Zhao, B., Bie, J., and Song, J. (2010) Macrophage cholesteryl ester mobilization and atherosclerosis. Vasc. Pharmacol. 52, 1-10. (7) Quiroga, A. D., and Lehner, R. (2011) Part of endoplasmic reticulum neutral lipid hydrolases. Trends. Endocrinol. Metab. 22, 218- 225. (eight) Holmes, R. S., Wright, M. W., Laulederkind, S. J., Cox, L. A., Hosokawa, M., Imai, T., Ishibashi, S., Lehner, R., Miyazaki, M., Perkins, E. J., Potter, P. M., Redinbo, M. R., Robert, J., Satoh, T., Yamashita, T., Yan, B., Yokoi, T., Zechner, R., and Maltais, L. J. (2010) Advisable nomenclature for 5 mammalian carboxylesterase gene families: human, mouse, and rat genes and proteins. Mamm. Genome 21, 427-441. (9) Lian, J., Quiroga, A. D., Li, L., and Lehner, R. (2012) Ces3/TGH deficiency improves dyslipidemia and reduces atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/- mice. Circ. Res. 111, 982-990. (10) Crow, J. A., Middleton, B. L., Borazjani, A., Hatfield, M. J., Potter, P. M., and Ross, M. K. (2008) Inhibition of carboxylesterase 1 is associated with cholesteryl ester retention in human THP-1 monocyte/macrophages.1936429-06-9 web Biochim.Formula of 2241720-34-1 Biophys.PMID:23776646 Acta 1781, 643-654. (11) Salomon, R. G. (2012) Structural identification and cardiovascular activities of oxidized phospholipids. Circ. Res. 111, 930-946. (12) Prieur, X., Roszer, T., and Ricote, M. (2010) Lipotoxicity in macrophages: proof from ailments connected with the metabolic syndrome. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1801, 327-337. (13) Pacher, P., and Mechoulam, R. (2011) Is lipid signaling by way of cannabinoid 2 receptors part of a protective program? Prog. Lipid Res. 50, 193-211.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry profiling and imaging have develop into worthwhile tools for histological analyses (Gagnon et al., 2012). Nonetheless, the identification in the.
